What are the origins of the political party?

SmartAlex asked:

Why do we need political parties. Not every democrat subscribes to every democratic ideal. Not every republican subscribes to every republican ideal. Not every whig subscribed to every whig ideal. So why were parties invented? Could it have been just a means to unite differing factions? To create teams that were intended to compete? Were political parties invented to create conflict? Couldn’t we have candidates without political parties? Couldn’t we vote without political parties? Don’t political parties interfere with the American political process the way the framers envisioned them? Aren’t parties by definition generalizations? If they are, then shouldn’t you just avoid them? What political party was George Washington? They say Federalist, but wasn’t he against parties altogether?

Sorry a lot of questions but really, I’m wondering if the framers of the constitution envisioned parties, and if they did why, and if they did not, why were they formed, and how.
It started from the idea that there is strength in numbers. Birds of a feather flock together.

…the Founding Fathers failed to recognize that like-minded people organized into groups to air their views.

You see now that’s the problem. It would be great if that’s what has happened. But we are a two party country. Birds of a feather aren’t flocking together. Birds of all kinds of feathers are flocking into two large flocks. Other smaller flocks don’t stand a chance. So people compromise their issues just to align themselves with the democratic party or the republican party. Candidates of other parties rarely get a chance to really make a real campaign and those candidates run just so their voice will be heard. That’s not how the election system was supposed to work.
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